Important information about indian railway

             Indian railways at a glance

Railway is a great achievement of industrial revolution. Historical sources say that in the 1st century 'Hero' of secundaria opened the gate of a temple in Greece by steam power. After that so many attempts were made to utilize this power of water. Fortunately ,in the year 1769 , james watt of Scotland was successful in preparing a steam engine. At that time so many attempts were made to prepare such a steam engine which would be able to pull for a long distance . But unfortunately this plan did not succeed.

                           In the year 1830, a Britisher james Stephenson invented his famous steam engine ''Rocket". This steam engine rolled at the speed of fourty six km. Taking so many coaches. The whole world was wondered at this achievement. At that time so many people were conscious of about the high speed of this engine. After 1860 rail travel became very popular when steel was used in the tracks and bogies in place of iron. Till 1900 , there was a lot of expansion of railways which covered continent to continent.

                    Some important facts

• The first train rolled in fourteenth century in Greece.
• At that time tracks were made of rocks and labourd pulled the train.
• After some time tracks were made if woods and plates were of iron.
• In 1789, british engineer william jesup made the first iron train.
• That time train were used for coal and pulled by horses.
• In 1814 , a new chapter began in the history of railways. Mr. George Stephenson invented the steam locomotive is regarded as the grandman of railways.
• The first train was start in England in 1825.
• After that , development of railwaylines was continuous in Europe and America. Railway services were started in France in 1829, America in 1830,holand & italy in 1839 and Spain in 1848.
• The credit to development of railways in India goes to R.M. stephenson. He was a great promoter of railways in india.
• A civil Engineer Mr. G.T.clarke first prepared the plan for kurla- thane rail lines. His report was submitted to a Government committee in 1844.
• On the basis of this report,for the first time in india , bombay great eastern railways was established.
• The first meeting took place in mumbai on 19th April 1845, in which 100 people participated. In this first meeting england railway association came into force in place of bombay great eastern railway.
• After some time the great indian peninsular railway was established and England railway association was merged in to it.
• "Great indian Peninsula" was established by Mr. John chapman. 
• Under the presidentship of john stuard bortale a committee was formed in England. In 1845, Mr. Chapman was sent to india by the committee for research work.
• In 1845, the 'board of directors' of east india company sent the first official letter in which necessity of railways in india was accepted.
• Taking in to the consideration of the climate and geographical condition of india,five feet wide gauge was accepted. Which later came to known as broad gauge.
• The first train in india was run by the English in 1845. The first railway in india was known as "Great indian Peninsular Railway company".
• East indian railway company and great indian Peninsular company were the first indian companies. They were looked after by the English.
• In 1832 , a survey was made in madras for the development of railway tracks,but it got permission after 7 years.
• In 1852, first locomotive was manufactured.
• Boribander - Thane railway line was constructed under the supervision of Mr. James J burkale. 
• The first train was run in india on 16th April 1853 between boribander and thane. This journey was of 57 minutes.
• In this train, there was fourteen coaches and three steam engines. The name of the engines were saheb, sindh and sultan. Thus ,the first train service was started in bombay.
• After one year, rail line were developed between thane and kalyan.
• The great indian peninsular railway company was a private company,but there was a lot of government control in it.
• On 15th august 1854, east india company started rail service between howrah and hughlee.
• Railway started it's service in madras in 1856.
• Earlier,rail service was ex-panded on ports, later it started to expand in inner parts of the country.
• In 1857, due to revolt, there came a halt in the construction work.
• Railway works started again in 1858,when the power was transferred to queen Victoria.
• Till 1866,there were 12 railway lines with length of 3500 miles and eight railway companies were established.
• In 1866, the construction work of rail lines between howrah-delhi was started.
• In 1870, bombay and calcutta was linked with raillines via allahabad.
• In 1861, balsar-badodara rail line was prepared.
• In 1864, grant rail was linked with balsar.
• In 1870, railway line was constructed in sabarmati.
• In 1871, the construction work of railway line was completed to raichur and the railway line of madras was linked with it.
• At that time narrow gauge was more popular in India, whoes width was three and half feet.
• Later came two gauges - Broad and meter gauge. Broad gauge was for trunk lines and other one lines was meter gauge.
• On 1st april 1868, government took over the control of the calcutta and south -east rail companies.
• In 1880, the length of railway lines was nine thousands miles. In which two and half Miles were under government control.nizam railway,kathiawad railway,mysoor railway, Bhopal railway etc. were prepared by local kings. It's length was 550 miles